New research confirms that consuming nuts and seeds does not increase the risk of diverticulitis—challenging long-standing dietary restrictions placed on people with the condition.
The study, published in the Annals of Internal Medicine, followed nearly 30,000 women with no prior history of diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease, or cancer. Researchers examined the impact of adherence to four dietary patterns associated with overall health:
- DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)
- Healthy Eating Index (HEI)
- Alternative Healthy Eating Index (aHEI)
- Alternative Mediterranean Diet
Participants who followed these diets—and regularly consumed nuts, seeds, and even fruits with edible seeds like tomatoes and strawberries—had a lower risk of developing diverticulitis. These findings are consistent with a 2008 study involving men, which also found no link between nut or seed consumption and increased diverticulitis risk.
Diverticulitis occurs when small pouches (diverticula) in the colon become inflamed or infected. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. While mild cases often require only dietary adjustments and monitoring, severe or recurrent cases can lead to hospitalization or surgery.
Of the nearly 30,000 women surveyed, 1,531 developed diverticulitis. Most cases were uncomplicated, but 14% required surgery and 58% experienced multiple recurrences.
Experts say the findings reflect a shift in understanding. Previous dietary advice discouraged nuts and seeds due to concerns they might get trapped in diverticula, potentially causing inflammation. However, newer evidence emphasizes the importance of a high-fiber diet and overall dietary quality in maintaining colon health.
Treatment for uncomplicated diverticulitis often involves rest, a liquid diet, and pain management. In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed. More severe cases, especially those involving abscesses or perforations, may require surgery such as a colectomy or temporary colostomy.
While the root causes of diverticulosis (the presence of diverticula) are still not fully understood, ongoing research is examining how nutrition and gut health influence its development. Experts also emphasize the need for more studies focused on female populations and the long-term effects of dietary interventions.
In summary, the new findings support including nuts and seeds as part of a balanced diet and may help dispel outdated dietary myths associated with diverticulitis.
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